Florida Department of Management Services

Is Macbeth a Tragedy?

A disaster is regularly thought of as a dismal, forlorn occasion. The variables used to mark an occasion as lamentable are the outcomes and the enduring impacts. For instance, the outcomes of at least one passings can be viewed as a catastrophe. What's more, disasters are regularly recalled long after the occasion, obviously affecting the future for those included. Numerous individuals decipher occasions, for example, a cataclysmic event, a demise of a friend or family member, or a perpetual inability as shocking. In any case, others state that this meaning of a catastrophe is off base and is abused in present day discussion. The individuals who think along these lines utilize the word catastrophe to characterize literature.The abstract meaning of the word requires increasingly cautious thought of the character and the general impact of the play. In this abstract sense, disaster is characterized by following four attributes: first, the story must stir pity and dread in the crowd and additionally peruser; second, the story must raise doubt about the man’s relationship with God; third, the awful figure must be equipped for incredible affliction, be exceptionally touchy, and have a sad blemish which prompts his/her own annihilation; and fourth, at long last, the character becomes mindful that his own imperfection has destined him, however he is feeble to forestall his inescapable destruction.These qualities have been utilized by numerous individuals to decide if bits of writing are viewed as a catastrophe. For instance, utilizing these attributes, the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare is viewed as a disaster. Macbeth is a catastrophe on the grounds that the play has all the attributes in the artistic meaning of a disaster. Macbeth unquestionably stimulates pity and dread in the crowd/peruser. The absolute first scene in the play ingrains dread in us crowd individuals. The play opens in a wild and forlorn spot in medieval Scotland.Three witches enter, and in their clucking voices, they prophesize about the occasions that will occur later on. For instance, the witches foresee that they will meet with the hero Macbeth â€Å"when the hurlyburly’s done, when the battle’s lost and won† (1. 1. 3-4). The witches are talking about the common war, which they state will end that day. They likewise state they will meet with Macbeth, one of the officers. These heavenly happenings start the play off with creepiness, working up dread in the crowd. Furthermore, feel sorry for is stirred in the crowd. The creator makes compassion toward Macbeth by giving him a decent quality: his courage.In the start of the play, Macbeth is depicted as a courageous and faithful warrior who battles for his ruler and his nation. Macbeth has â€Å"unseamed [a double crosser of the king] from the nave to the slashes and fixed his head upon [the] battlements† (1. 2. 24-25). At the point when the lord, named Duncan, hears this news, he portrays Macbeth as a â€Å"valiant cousin! [and] commendable noble man! † (1. 2. 26). We begin to feel sorry for Macbeth from the second he meets the witches. When the witches have prophesized that Macbeth will become Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor, and King of Scotland, Macbeth starts to have dull considerations of slaughtering the king.However, the idea of executing the ruler is loathsome to him, and the â€Å"horrid picture doth unfix [his] hair and make [his] situated heart thump at [his] ribs† (1. 3. 156-157). This shows Macbeth is hesitant to make any move towards him turning out to be the best. We crowd individuals feel frustrated about Macbeth as he is enticed by the possibility of turning out to be the best yet at the cost of killing a man that had been awesome and liberal to him. We feel sorry for Macbeth as he battles with his ethics and his inner voice saying that â€Å"as [he] is [Duncan’s] brother and his subject, solid both against the deed; at that p oint, as his host, [he] should†¦not bear the knife† (1. . 14-17). Notwithstanding, at long last, Macbeth’s â€Å"vaulting desire, which o’erleaps itself and falls on the other† (1. 7. 28-29) wins and he surrenders to his shrewd inclinations. So with Lady Macbeth’s asking, Macbeth murders Duncan. Prior to the homicide, Macbeth has such a pained still, small voice, that he fantasizes. He sees â€Å"a dagger†¦before [him], the handle toward [his] hand† (2. 1. 42-43) driving him to Duncan. We crowd individuals likewise feel sorry for Macbeth in light of the fact that after he carries out the thing, he altogether thinks twice about it. He shows this by saying on the off chance that he had â€Å"died and hour before this possibility, [he would have] carried on a favored time† (2. . 103-104). Unquestionably, the play stirs dread and pity in the crowd. Notwithstanding exciting compassion and dread in the crowd, the play raises doubt about man’s relationship with God. Toward the beginning of the play, Macbeth’s relationship with God is acceptable. Macbeth battled respectably and bravely for a decent aim, overcoming the double crosser to the ruler. Additionally, toward the finish of the play, Young Siward likewise battles respectably and bites the dust for a decent aim, crushing Macbeth. Therefore, Young Siward is portrayed as â€Å"God’s soldier† (5. 8. 55). In this way, Macbeth could likewise be portrayed as â€Å"God’s soldier† (5. . 55) up until he kills Duncan. As the King of Scotland, Duncan can be seen as God. By executing Duncan, Macbeth has slaughtered God. Subsequently, Macbeth has gotten something contrary to God, the villain. Starting here on, Macbeth’s relationship with God is awful. At the area of the homicide, Macbeth couldn't state â€Å"Amen. † After carrying out a horrendous wrongdoing, he â€Å"had most need of gift, and ‘Amenâ€⠄¢ stuck in [his] throat† (2. 2. 47-48). These occasions show that Macbeth’s relationship with God is faulty, which is one of the attributes of a catastrophe in literature.Another normal for a scholarly disaster is that the deplorable figure must be fit for extraordinary affliction. The terrible figure in this play is Macbeth. Macbeth surely experiences his heart and blame all through the play. Subsequent to killing Duncan, Macbeth is sorry to such an extent that he expresses that in the event that he were â€Å"to know [his] deed, ‘twere best not know [him]self† (2. 2. 95). This implies with the end goal for Macbeth to deal with what he has done, he should disregard his inner voice. Be that as it may, Macbeth can't disregard his still, small voice and experiences it. For instance, Macbeth accepts that â€Å"to be in this manner is nothing, however to be securely thus† (3. . 52-53). He feels that being above all else is useless except if his situatio n as lord is sheltered. Macbeth is worried about the possibility that that his position isn't protected, yet is imperiled by Banquo, whose royal characteristics make him a danger. Therefore, Macbeth murders Banquo. All things considered, Macbeth keeps on experiencing his still, small voice. At the point when he discovers that Banquo’s child Fleance has gotten away from the killers, he presently becomes â€Å"cabined, cribbed, restricted, bound in to saucy questions and fears† (3. 4. 31-32). This is on the grounds that the witches anticipated that Banquo’s child would be a ruler later on, which would put Macbeth’s position as lord at risk.Macbeth’s blame keeps him from completely making the most of his poorly gotten position as lord. For instance, Macbeth is visited by the phantom of Banquo. Experiencing blame, Macbeth almost uncovers reality that he murdered Duncan. Apprehensive her significant other will uncover excessively, Lady Macbeth tells the visitors that Macbeth frequently has these fits. At the point when the visitors begin to pose inquiries, Lady Macbeth discloses to them Macbeth â€Å"grows more terrible and more terrible; question chafes him. On the double, great night†¦go at once† (3. 4. 146-150). These instances of Macbeth experiencing his still, small voice show that Macbeth is fit for extraordinary suffering.Besides being fit for incredible misery, the unfortunate figure must be profoundly touchy. Macbeth, as the grievous figure, is depicted as a touchy character. From the earliest starting point of the play, Macbeth has been touchy. Simply the awful idea of killing Duncan â€Å"unfix[es] [Macbeth’s] hair and make[s] [his] situated heart thump at [his] ribs† (1. 3. 156-157). Macbeth turns out to be much increasingly delicate after his horrendous wrongdoing of executing the ruler. At the point when Lady Macbeth orders Macbeth to return the bloodied blades to Duncan’s room, Macbe th answers, â€Å"I’ll go no more.I am hesitant to think what I have done; Look on’t again I dare not† (2. 2. 69-71). Likewise after the homicide, Macbeth has gotten delicate to each and every stable. When somebody is thumping at the entryway, Macbeth ponders â€Å"whence is that thumping? † and understands that â€Å"every clamor horrifies [him]† (2. 2. 78-79). Notwithstanding being scared by sounds, Macbeth is additionally alarmed by sights. For instance, when Macbeth sees Banquo’s phantom, he turns out to be unnerved to such an extent that his â€Å"cheeks [are] whitened with fear† (3. 4. 143-144). Every one of these events exhibits the affectability of Macbeth.Macbeth, the appalling figure, additionally has a shocking imperfection which prompts his own obliteration. Macbeth’s lethal defect is his trust and trust in the expressions of the witches. After the witches reveal to Macbeth that he will become Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor, and King of Scotland, Macbeth starts to desire for power. In the event that he had not heard the witches’ forecast, his â€Å"vaulting ambition† would not have â€Å"prick[ed] the sides of [his] intent† (1. 7. 27-28). Without his aspiration, Macbeth would have had no motivation to kill Duncan since Duncan â€Å"hath borne his resources so tame, hath been so clear in his incredible office† (1. . 18-19). Macbeth advises himself that Duncan is such a decent individual and has never manhandled his illustrious powers so there is no conceivable explanation behind his homicide aside from Macbeth’s own driving aspiration. Macbeth is eager and needs to turn out to be all the more impressive. In this way, he murders Duncan and takes the crown for himself. Next, Macbeth murders Banquo and endeavors to kill Fleance since he trusts the witches’ words that Banquo â€Å"shalt get rulers

Wilmington

Wilmington Wilmington. 1 City (1990 pop. 71,529), seat of New Castle co., NE Del., on the Delaware River and tributary streams, the Christina and the Brandywine; settled 1638, inc. as a city 1832. The state's largest city, it is a port of entry handling domestic and foreign shipping. It has railroad shops and is a major financial services and chemical and biomedical center. Wilmington is the headquarters of the Du Pont company and its research and experimental laboratories, as well as of financial services companies. There is food processing, petroleum refining, and the manufacture of machinery; electronics; plastic, metal, and glass products; hardware; leather goods; feeds; transportation, photographic, and computer equipment; furniture; ordnance; textiles and apparel; and steel. Fort Christina, built there by the Swedes in 1638 (the site is now a state park), was taken by the Dutch (1655) and then by the British (1664). In 1682, William Penn came into possession of the region. Shipping and manufacturing grew early, and industry was well developed when E. I. Du Pont established a powder mill on the Brandywine in 1802. Goldey-Beacom College, a campus of Widener Univ., and a campus of Delaware State Univ. are in the city. Wilmington's many historic buildings include Old Swedes Church (1698). Other points of interest are Rodney Square (the city center), the Delaware Academy of Medicine, the Delaware Art Center, the Riverfront Arts Center, and the nearby Hagley and Winterthur museums, the Woodlawn portion of the First State National Monument, several state parks, and Longwood Gardens. 2 Town (1990 pop. 17,654), Middlesex co., NE Mass., a suburb of Boston, on the Ipswich River; settled 1639, inc. 1730. Economic enterprises include space research and the manufacture of plastics, machinery, medical equipment, and electronics. 3 City (1990 pop. 55,530), seat of New Hanover co., SE N.C., a port of entry on the Cape Fear River, c.30 mi (50 km) from its mouth; settl ed 1732, inc. as a city 1866. The state's largest port, Wilmington is also a tourist resort and a sports fishing center. Its manufactures include chemicals; plastics; machinery; rubber, paper, and metal products; yachts; building materials; apparel; and optical fibers. Wilmington is also a busy filmmaking center. The British Gen. Cornwallis held the town in 1781. During the Civil War, Wilmington was the last Confederate port to close; Confederate blockade runners used it until the fall of Fort Fisher on Jan. 15, 1865. Liberty ships (cargo/transport ships) were built there during World War II. The Univ. of North Carolina Wilmington is in the city. The U.S.S. North Carolina is moored in the river. 4 City (1990 pop. 11,199), seat of Clinton co., SW Ohio, in a farm (chiefly corn and hogs) area; settled 1810, inc. 1828. Tools, machinery, metal products, and transportation equipment are made. Wilmington College of Ohio is there, and a state park is nearby. The Columbia Electr onic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

The Lady With The Dog And Hills Like White Elephants Essay

The principal characters from the short stories, ‘’The Lady with the Dog’’ by Chekhov, and ‘’Hills like White Elephants’’ by Ernest Hemingway are dishonest with the one they love and with themselves, they hide their real feelings about the person they are with, they are living an untruthful relationship, and as a couple they lie to each other. In ‘’The Lady with The Dog’’, Dmitri Gurov and Anna Sergeyevna , they are both unhappily married to other characters, and after a while they engage in an affair, hiding the love they are feeling to each other, just because they do not want to break up the relationships they have, they do not want more responsibility of what they have with each other. The same matter happens in the ‘’Hills Like White Elephants’’, The American man block out his real feelings about the girl and instead of saying the truth, he lies to her, telling her he lo ves her, when he does not, just because he wants her to do what he desires, to abort the baby they are having. 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Madunagu; without their co-operation and courage during a very difficult period this dictionary could not have appeared when it did. No one is better aware than myself of the many

Solutions for Agreement Disagreement Essay Samples

Solutions for Agreement Disagreement Essay Samples The Agreement Disagreement Essay Samples Trap An anecdote is a brief story about an actual individual or event. Such thing may be view as demeaning their very own race and culture. Narration is telling a story from a particular viewpoint, and there is normally a reason behind the telling. The Most Popular Agreement Disagreement Essay Samples Put simply, there's an emotional difference between the disputants. Effective letters will give only very good outcomes. To put it differently, it's an overview of your very first idea. The significance of a word is dependent on its history. Keep the letter simple so the message you're conveying is clear. Each detail of a particular subject plays an important part in developing a visual representation for such. If you don't have a current relationship with the recipient, introduce yourself in the very first paragraph. Don't compose any new ideas within this paragraph. In case you have any questions about what's proper for you and your company, we can hook you up with a lawyer for fast answers or a document review. A good example of an overall small business partnership agreement are found at the peak of the page for your reference. An additional way to compose an effective letter is to get a superior letter format or a letter template for a guide. Under all conditions, all letters written to the management ought to be formal, contain all the required info, and totally free of grammatical errors. Most importantly it will make sure that the message in your essay is simple to follow (one of the major criteria for hi gher level scores). The simplest approach to decide on the kind of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. A very good descriptive essay comes out of a knowledgeable and imaginative mind. The trick to writing an excellent effectiveA essay is to get the passion to write it. Make certain your essay follows a particular format, consisting of the appropriate partsA of essay. If it's still true that you couldn't write excellent essays, you can view completely free essay papers online. In case the essay doesn't flow smoothly whenever you are reading it to yourself, see where you are able to rewrite it so that it is simpler to read. Writing an essay is an essential role in academe life. Here's What I Know About Agreement Disagreement Essay Samples Different methodology, uncertainty and evaluation in natural science supply the new knowledge only in the event the outcome is more applicable than the last theory. Knowing the real value of time is crucial to taste success in life. As a consequence, you get a terrific deal of free time and completed homework. You need to read the example answers to acquire ideas about what are good kinds of answers and what are bad forms of answers. Disagreements in most cases are believed to be negative and very often they are negative. however, it can be positive at precisely the same time once it leads to the search of new understanding. For instance, if you get a working theory that says that cells behave in a particular way then you are going to expect that you may make a prediction and it'll be true. These tests will construct your confidence and your time management abilities. Does not utilize rhetorical devices. This essay agrees that a greater rate of tax needs to be paid by fast food businesses. To conclude, junk food needs to be taxed at a greater rate due to the excellent precedent determined by alcohol and tobacco and that the higher cost should lower the quantity of fast food people buy. Its terms define the method by which the business partnership is going to be conducted, which makes it an important foundational document for running your new small business. Tax from fast food could be utilized in the exact sa me way. Disagreement letters have to be written in a way that expresses your opinion clearly. It occurs when presenting two or more options. It is vital to understand how to compose a productive disagreement letter as it enables you to express your complaints and disagreement in an assertive and polite manner that will make people acknowledge you. Due to how the human mind is intended to believe in falsification, disagreement won't ever end with ideas or experiments. It's through disagreements which people take deeper insights onto issues. At the basis of the vast majority of these insurgencies, there's a primal disagreement above a controversy or a matter of human rights and reason. There were disagreements concerning the maturation of continents. Simply take a rest before finalizing it.

Thou Art Indeed Just Essay Example For Students

Thou Art Indeed Just Essay The poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins is recognized by critics as some of the most influential and powerful religious poetry in all of history. At the young age of fifteen he won the Highgate School Poetry prize and two years later received the Governors Gold Medal for Latin Verse (website). However, despite this early recognition, he published very few poems over the course of his life, with the majority of his poetry being published posthumously. This can lead one to infer that his poetry was never written for an audience of any sort, short of himself and his God. Therefore his poems can provide very meaningful insight into the journey through faith on which he embarked over the course of his life. Consequently, as one of Hopkins final sonnets before his death, the poem can be seen as a well-framed window into his soul; the soul of a man who has struggled to follow the path of God throughout his lifetime. Through an in-depth analysis of the imagery and poetic devices at work within this poem, perhaps a deeper understanding of the poet, Gerard Manley Hopkins, can be attained. Understanding the sonnet necessitates an understanding of some of the prevailing themes at work both in Hopkins poetry and in his life. Hopkins was perpetually plagued, as well as blessed, by the double nature of his faith, a source of anguish, which he never wavered in never felt worthy of (Ramazani 64). This dual nature of faith makes itself evident in the poem through the attitudes taken by Hopkins. The opening lines, Thou art indeed just, Lord, if I contend/with thee (Hopkins 82) imparts to the reader a sense of acceptance of the fair nature of the Lord, despite any contentions Hopkins may have. We will write a custom essay on Thou Art Indeed Just specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The rhythmic, hard consonant sounds of the t and d in this passage (underlined) suggest a harmony or perhaps a grand design about which humankind is not fully aware. In Hopkins terminology, the structure of the first two lines reflects the Lords power as the instress of all inscapes, his binding power of love. However, the third and fourth lines belie this acceptance of greater purpose with questions; seemingly just questions. Yet Hopkins already knows the answer to these questions, for ,on the surface, this poem might appear to be a parallel of Jesus on the cross asking why God has forsaken him, but in truth, this is a poem of lament for humanity. From the fifth line on, Hopkins explores his doubts more fully. In the beginning of the second quatrain he again questions his God on a more personal level. In the seventh line, when he discusses the sots and thralls of lust (line 7), one can almost feel the serpent testing him; the same consonance of s sounds here is at work in the third line as well: sinners ways prosper (line 3). His feelings of inconsequentiality reveal themselves as he bemoans his inability to succeed while reflecting on the ease with which sinners ways succeed. He knows that these thoughts should not bother him, yet he expresses what he is truly feeling inside: the inner struggle which his faith has created in him. The first tercet presents the reader with a spiritual experience, not quite an epiphany, but more of a recollection or return to equilibrium. In lines nine and ten, Hopkins is so moved by his experience that his reflections are exclaimed. Nature can be looked at in this light in quite a few of Hopkins poems, most notably Gods Grandeur, where one finds characters who cut themselves off from the spiritual renewal inherent in nature (Meyer 729). Transcendence through nature is a common experience for Hopkins in his poetry as well as in his life (website). It seems that this stanza has prepared him for a recognition of something at the end of the poem. In spite of this experience, in lines twelve and thirteen, he breaks from this natural awakening and bemoans his inability to create for one final time. .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .postImageUrl , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:hover , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:visited , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:active { border:0!important; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:active , .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue44b5e50a2df20d60fba2737119afc1e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Graffiti As Art Essay ThesisHe refers to himself as Times eunuch breed one work that wakes (line 13). A eunuch is defined as a castrated man or boy fr. Gk fr. eunbed +echein, to keep (Websters 325). Historically, eunuchs have been used as servants to an emperor or ruler, and many had risen high up in courts. This is a good image of what Hopkins sees himself as. The inability to create, or, if taken literally, procreate, is the greatest pain of all for Hopkins, as he sees creation as the Lords ultimate gift to humanity. His anger, lament, and frustration are felt in the alliteration in one work that wakes (line 13) and the similar use of alliteration when he questions God, How wouldst thou worse, I wonder (line 6). The sense of loss expressed here can be interpreted as a lack of inspiration or as an intellectual desire, a thirst for knowledge. Though Hopkins seemingly doubts the ways of his Lord, it is in the final line of the poem, send my roots rain (line 14), that the reader realizes that he never truly doubted the Lords plans, simply that he desires understanding. The ascetic lifestyle he has chosen is what he believes his faith demands of him, and therefore he knows that a life of suffering and rejecting worldly goods is truly virtuous. However, the wonder he expresses over sinners prospering is his own admission that he is still human and is still subject to human desires, despite his righteous path. He knows this, but does not accept it when he asks the question in line 3. It is only during the first tercet, after a reflection on the inscape of natural things as embodiments of the Lords love, that Hopkins comes to this realization of human weakness. Even the rhyme scheme suggests that the poem is leading up to a awakening as the first two quatrains mirror each other (abba abba), yet the final two tercets are the inverse of one another (cdc dcd) suggesting that something occurs in the final tercet which has not occurred anywhere else in the poem. In response to this realization, Hopkins asks the lord of life, send my roots rain (line 14). Hopkins desires to be closer to God than he is able to be in human form; thus, his faith renewed, he refers to himself in natural terms so as to ask for transcendence into nature. Ending the sonnet with these alliterative pairings also conveys to the reader the deep longing for peace and freedom from doubt which Hopkins desires. In conclusion, it becomes clear that Hopkins sonnet, Thou Art Indeed Just contains much poignant diction and many poetic devices. The overall effect of these devices gives the reader a precious opportunity to see deeply into the mindset or soul of the poet. This gives excellent reason for interpretation and analysis of these, his last terrible sonnets, as they can be very rewarding and emotionally compelling.

Translatory

Translatory Translatory Translatory By Maeve Maddox This reader’s question relates to the word translatory. Before writing, he looked it up:    Merriam-Webster definition: â€Å"of, relating to, or involving uniform motion in one direction.† Nothing about its clear parallel, translate. The Free Dictionary lists â€Å"translatory as an adjective under its entry for translation. Oxford does not appear to list it as a word at all – at least via online search. Translational is likely the correct adjective to use when discussing a translation, although translatory has been used to mean translational (e.g., ‘the translatory pen of William Tyndale’).    Ah, the ongoing battle of the dictionaries. The Merriam-Webster Unabridged I pay for has an entry for translatory, but no definition, just a link to translational. The OED I use via subscription does have an entry for translatory: â€Å"of or pertaining to physical translation† and offers this example from 1849: â€Å"The negative tension of an insulated metal is sensibly augmented by giving a translatory motion to the gas which attacks its surface.† M-W has a separate entry for â€Å"translatory motion†: â€Å"motion in which all points of a moving body move uniformly in the same line or direction.† No example of usage is offered. The short answer to the reader’s question is that some speakers may use translatory in reference to translating languages, but translational is the more common adjective in that context. A cursory search of the Web brought up two uses of translatory in reference to the translation of language, both from non-native English-speaking sources: The  master’s programmeprovides in-depth knowledge of (foreign) languages and translatory skills acquired in the bachelor’s programme.- University of Graz (Austria). [Some translators] failing to see the larger context or the  translatory  action at work.- Literary Translation in Modern Iran: A sociological study, by Esmaeil Haddadian-Moghaddam. A search for â€Å"translatory† on Google brings up the admonitory message: â€Å"Did you mean translator?† and Word flags the word translatory with a squiggly red line. The words translate, translator and translation have different meanings in different contexts. For me, a translation is a text written in a language other than the original, and a translator is someone who renders a work written in one language into another. In another context, a translator is a transmitter that rebroadcasts the signals of a distant TV station to rural areas: In 1973, the construction of a network of transmitters and translators connected by microwave relay was approved by the state legislature. Another meaning of translate is â€Å"To change in form, appearance, or substance.† Peter Quince uses the word with this meaning in A Midsummer Night’s Dream when, like Snount, he reacts to the sight of Bottom with an ass’s head: SNOUT: O Bottom, thou art changed! What do I see on thee? BOTTOM: What do you see? You see an ass head of your own, do you? QUINCE: Bless thee, Bottom, bless thee. Thou art translated. Translatory has its uses, but it is not the conventional choice in the context of language translation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite AdjectivesDeck the HallsHow to Style Legislative Terms

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Prestige

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Prestige In sociolinguistics, linguistic prestige is the degree of esteem and social value attached by members of a speech community to certain languages, dialects, or features of a language variety. Social and linguistic prestige is interrelated, notes Michael Pearce. The language of powerful social groups usually carries linguistic prestige; and social prestige is often granted to speakers of prestige languages and varieties (Routledge Dictionary of English Language Studies, 2007). Linguists draw important distinctions between overt prestige and covert prestige: In the case of overt prestige, the social valuation lies in a unified, widely accepted set of social norms, whereas with covert prestige the positive social significance lies in the local culture of social relations. It is, therefore, possible for a socially stigmatized variant in one setting to have covert prestige in another (Walt Wolfram, Social Varieties of American English, 2004). Examples and Observations: Linguistic prestige is directly associated with power. As [Thomas Paul] Bonfiglio (2002:23) puts it, There is nothing in the particular language itself that determines its worth: it is the connection of the language in question to the phenomena of power that determines the value of that language and that contributes to the standardization process.(Gerard Van Herk, What Is Sociolinguistics? Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Old English certainly had words for language and female and face, and we could perfectly well have carried on using them [after the Norman invasion], but the much greater prestige of French induced many English-speakers to introduce French words into their speech in the hope of sounding more elegant. This attitude is always with us: French no longer enjoys quite the prestige it once had, but you may perhaps know someone who cannot resist spattering his English speech or writing with such French words and phrases as au contraire, joie de vivre, au naturel, fin de sià ¨cle and derrià ¨re. (R.L. Trask, Language: The Basics, 2nd ed. Routledge, 1999) Prestige in Grammar In grammar, most prestige forms are related to prescriptive norms of standardness or even literary norms. For example, the use of whom in Whom did you see? or the placement of never at the front of the sentence Never have I seen a more gruesome sight might be considered prestige variants in some social contexts. Apart from these somewhat special cases, it is difficult to find clear-cut cases of prestige variants on the grammatical level of language, particularly in the grammar of ordinary informal conversation...For present-day American English, it is clear that the vast majority of socially diagnostic structures exist on the axis of stigmatization rather than the axis of prestige.(Walt Wolfram, Social Varieties of American English. Language in the USA: Themes for the Twenty-First Century, ed. by Edward Finegan and John R. Rickford. Cambridge University Press, 2004) Overt and Covert Prestige A standard dialect speaker of English who intentionally switches to use of social markers such as aint and he dont is said to seek covert prestige. Such prestige is covert because its elicitation will often not, if successful, be consciously noted.Deliberate (as opposed to instinctive) use of taboo words such as fuck and shit, usage which tends to characterize male more than female speech, may also seek covert prestige, but the strength of these as social markers makes this more difficult to achieve. In a contrasting register, one uses unusually formal non-vernacular forms in vernacular contexts. For example, one will ordinarily say Its me to the question Who is it? asked by a familiar interlocutor, but, when asked the same question by one from whom one seeks prestige, the same speaker may say It is I. Similarly, except after prepositions Americans ordinarily say who in preference to whom: Who did you ask?, not Whom did you ask?  but in some circumstances, the latter may be substituted. Such usage is said to seek overt prestige because the often dubious prestige one gets from such usage is ordinarily consciously noted, hence overt. One may use jargon similarly seeking overt prestige, saying, for example, semantics when nothing more than ordinary meaning is intended.(Grover Hudson, Essential Introductory Linguistics. Blackwell, 2000) Labov on Prestige and Gender [American linguist William Labov developed] three principles regarding the linguistic behavior of men and women: 1. For stable sociolinguistic variants, women show a slower rate of stigmatized variants and a higher rate of prestige variants than men (Labov 2001: 266)2. In linguistic change from above, women adopt prestige forms at a higher rate than men (Labov 2001: 274)3. In linguistic change from below, women use higher frequencies of innovative forms than men do (Labov 2001: 292) Ultimately, Labov formulates the corresponding Gender Paradox: Women conform more closely than men to sociolinguistic norms that are overtly prescribed, but conform less than men when they are not.(Labov 2001: 293) All these principles and the Gender Paradox itself appear to be fairly robust findings with almost universal applicability in contemporary sociolinguistics...[E]very language period and every language community must be investigated independently and in its own right (pace Jardin 2000). The actual concepts and functions of class, gender, networks, and, most importantly, norms, standards, and prestige, differ radically in different communities.(Alexander Bergs, The Uniformitarian Principle and the Risk of Anachronisms in Language and Social History. The Handbook of Historical Sociolinguistics, ed. by Juan M. Hernndez-Campoy and Juan Camilo Conde-Silvestre. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Prestige, Status, and Function What do we mean by status and function? The two terms are often confused with one another and also with another term, prestige. Basically, the essential difference between prestige, function, and status is the difference between past, present, and future. The prestige of a language depends on its record, or what people think its record to have been. The function of a language is what people actually do with it. The status of a language depends on what people can do with it, its potential. Status, therefore, is the sum total of what you can do with a languagelegally, culturally, economically, politically and, of course, demographically. This is not necessarily the same as what you do with the language, although the two notions are obviously related, and indeed interdependent. They can also be connected with the prestige of a language. Let us illustrate the differences. Classical Latin has had a lot of prestige but it has few functions. Swahili has a lot of functions, but little presti ge. Irish Gaelic has status, official status, but few exclusive functions.(William F. Mackey, Determining the Status and Function of Languages in Multinational Societies. Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties, ed. by Ulrich Ammo. Walter de Gruyter, 1989)

Malaria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Malaria - Essay Example ase for the given assignment because the disease has prominent symptoms and the causative agent is a prominent member in the field of microbiology and pathology. After completing a few stages of its life cycle in the mosquito it enter the human body and completes the remaining stages within the liver and on the surface of red blood cells as early, mid-stage and mature metazoans. The onset is indicated by sudden convulsions of cold, flu, loose motions, high grade fever, shivering and pain in eyes. Various steps have been taken by important health regulatory departments for the control of Malaria and to stop its proliferation. It not only requires a thorough attempt on behalf of the government but also general awareness on behalf of the masses. Presently a report according to UNICEF indicates a decrease in the mortality rate by 47% For general awareness, different schemes, seminars and platforms are organized for conveying the message of care and precautions. Such schemes are mostly either cheap or free of cost altogether to make possible easy access for people belonging to all walks of life. â€Å"About 3.2 billion people – almost half of the worlds population – are at risk of malaria. In 2013, there were about 198 million malaria cases (with an uncertainty range of 124 million to 283 million) and an estimated 584 000 malaria deaths (with an uncertainty range of 367 000 to 755 000). Increased prevention and control measures have led to a reduction in malaria mortality rates by 47% globally since 2000 and by 54% in the WHO African Region. (WHO 2014) Population of third world countries and those even poorer are more susceptible to this disease. A survey conducted in 2013 indicated that approximately 90% of malaria inflicted deaths occurred in African/ Somalian regions and the worst part is that a vast proportion of these deaths mostly take away the lives of children below 6 years. A potent and 100% efficient vaccine for malaria is currently under production

Disneyland Paris & Legoland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Disneyland Paris & Legoland - Essay Example Visitor attractions can easily be considered as one of the main economical and social matters in the world today, and this is speaking of theme parks especially particularly; Disneyland Paris and Legoland are two of the most recognized and well known theme parks in the world, and so in order to be able to understand the purpose and reasoning behind theme parks in general, as well as how these two in particular work and what they are all about, there are several questions in particular that need to be answered fully and thoroughly: 1.What is the historical development of Disneyland Paris and Legoland? 2What is the range of current position in the field for Disneyland Paris and Legoland? 3.How does the management and ownership and levels of provision work in Disneyland Paris and Legoland? 4.What is the market for theme parks in general and what is its potential for expansion as a market? 5.What are the key operational management issues? 6.What are some present and future trends and oth er key related issues that are involved here? By thoroughly and rather elaborately answering these questions, we will not only be able to come to a much more knowledgeable and understanding viewpoint on the subject matter at hand altogether, but as well, we will be able to understand theme parks as a whole in general, and furthermore, we will be able to see how they actually work, what type of market they refer to, what the issues are if any, and what trends are in relation to them

Sea-Cucumbers :: Personal Narrative Writing

Sea-Cucumbers I have always found sea-cucumbers to be strange. If you have ever been snorkeling, you may or may not have noticed these elongated vegetables on the sea floor. I suppose I shouldn’t call them vegetables though, because they are slightly more ‘cognizant’ than garden-variety greenery. Instead I have dubbed them ocean-turds, because honestly, they do look the great defecation of a marine mammoth. They are also well-shaped, perfectly cylindrical turds at that! I am rambling again. Forgive me. In eighth grade, my parents and I took a trip to Japan. My dad is a baseball scout, and instead of flying over solo to give the Kyoto Carps the once-over, he decided to make the scout into a family vacation. I was skeptical. I don’t like seafood, and here we are, going to a country that eats raw fish and that names its baseball teams after blunt-nosed marine life. The city itself seemed a bouleversement of day and night. Humanity’s great invention, the lightbulb, mocked with overwhelming voltage, density, and quantity nature’s celestial fireballs. Bulbs, the imitators, the pupils of fusion, now ridiculed night with flashes from across the spectrum. As we drove into Tokyo, I couldn’t believe that its citizens were able to sleep at night, what with such lambent pollution. But I was eager to walk the streets, to run into the shops that beckoned to me with signs for Sony and with gadgetry that inhabited the display windows. The hotel room had paper walls! As an American used to a room’s noiseless seclusion, I liked the idea that here, rooms were not meant to be space with a relentless fixation on privacy. I promptly made my mark. Restless after the long plane flight, I was bouncing off the walls when I literally poked an extremity through one. You can image my surprise at discovering such fragility. I am in the holy land of ninjas and samurai, and I have just punched my way through a wall. Awesome! I felt like ‘the kid’ from â€Å"Karate Kid.† All that was missing was the exotic, ruminative twang and non-western modality of Asian music. Of course, my ninjas-and-gadgets glorification of the place was, alas, not meant to be. My fun and games had to be extinguished; a foot had to be put down and that foot was Japan’s ooey-gooey cuisine. My dad was interested in one of the Carp’s players, and as was customary, the team’s owner felt a strong sense of duty to take us out for a traditional Japanese dinner, so that the two of them could discuss arrangements for the trade.

Ethics Game Simulation †Essay Essay

The ethics simulation game is designed to teach us how to make ethical decisions especially when the company is facing challenging times. Making ethical decisions is not an easy task when ones decision will possibly have a great impact on each of the company’s stakeholder, whether they are shareholders or customers, in different ways. In this simulation, the company in focus is G-BioSport which specializes in sports nutrition and supplements sells. This company has so many great core values but the one that really stood out for me was the Customer Focus one, which says that â€Å"We keep our customers in mind during all our actions†. As I went through this simulation as the Quality Manager of G-BioSport, I kept this core value and the standards designed in company’s Code of Ethics as listed in the Quality Management Internal vs. External Standards, in the forefront of my decision making. The first decision that had to be made was about a product already on the ma rket that was contaminated; however, it only put a small percentage of users at a low risk. The question at hand is whether to warn and what information to provide to consumers about the contaminant? Should we publish information broadly about increased risk for specific groups, offer to replace tainted products or refund purchase price? Before making these decisions one had to go through four different lenses and steps of the critical decision making process. These lenses included the Rights and Responsibility lens, the Results lens, the Relationship lens, and the Reputation lens. After narrowing the possibilities down to two solutions using the Rights and Responsibilities Lens, the choice was made to disseminate information about on increased risk and allow consumers to make informed choices. Since this particular product complied with FDA standards, I did not see any reason to recall the product from the market. I also examined how this decision would impact each stakeholder of the company from the shareholders, company Chief Executive to the customers. As I indicated  in my memo to Carson Nelson, Chief Executive Officer, urging him to consider how each of us would like to b e treated in a similar situation and to allow our consumers to make informed choice. By providing information that allowed them to make informed choices, G-Bio Sport had fulfilled its duties and treated all consumers equally, and valued their autonomy. While there might be negative publicity risks involved by disclosing about product containment and can impact company’s bottom line, I believe that our duty to our customers must come first in this situation to continue maintaining public’s trust in our products. G-BioSport knew that giving out this information will not affect the majority of consumers, but we believe the need to be sensitive to those who will be affected, was very important. On a scale of 0 to 5, from low to high risk, my decision rated a 1 and decision quality was rated as â€Å"best†. This decision represented very low risk. Once the product had been sold to consumers, there is no way to entirely eliminate the possibility of a lawsuit. The goal at this point is to reduce the risk. Giving consumers information upon which to base informed choices about continued use of the product reduces both the risk of a lawsuit and the risk of adverse publicity. The second case addressed is whether to sell a product that does not meet U.S. safety requirements in a foreign market that has lower safety restrictions. Due to the recent FDA Regulations Changes, our products affected by the GBS-F contaminant no longer meet official standards which meant that we might need to recall these products in the U.S. However, based on Paul Marconi’s international Market Analysis, we might have an opportunity to expand our sales in overseas. It turns out, standards for food and drug product vary widely from country to country in ways that provide some opportunities as well as challenges. In many places, the products can still be sold legally and safely. I decided distribution of our product at overseas as a viable option rather than disposal. Given the extremely low level of risk for the vast majority of users, I suggested exploring other countries where the standards will allow us to sell these products legally and in a safe manner. As long as we disclose all the possible risks to our international customers, they can make an informed decision based on that. The focus of this decision making process w as guaranteeing basic liberties for the consumers. By using Relationships Lens and Reputation Lens, I decided to honor other countries’ rights to set  safety standards for their own citizens and sell the product where foreign regulations permit. On a scale of 0 to 5, from low to high risk, my decision rated a 1 and decision quality was rated as â€Å"best†. It represented very low risk for the company. Doing business entails risk. So long as the company sells the product at all, there is some risk of liability, even with a product that meets internal and external safety standards. Although an increasing number of countries have products liability laws to protect citizens, the rest of the world is still far less rigid than the U.S. Providing a warning label would likely reduce one’s risk of liability without increasing costs or reducing potential sales significantly. This decision making process through the simulation was very helpful for me. From evaluating the level of impact on the stakeholders to using different lenses and being clear of my role in the process taught me how to make ethical decisions. As Operations Manager for a non profit, I can use this process when I am making decisions about health and sa fety standards for our child care facilities and all the other aspects of my job.

HIV and AIDS The Epidemic Essay example - 1640 Words

HIV and AIDS have affected millions of people throughout the world. Since 1981, there have been 25 million deaths due to AIDS involving men, women, and children. Presently there are 40 million people living with HIV and AIDS around the world and two million die each year from AIDS related illnesses. The Center for Disease Control estimates that one-third of the one million Americans living with HIV are not aware that they have it. The earliest known case of HIV was in 1959. It was discovered in a blood sample from a man in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Looking further into the genetics of this blood sample researchers suggested that it had originated from a virus going back to the late 1940’s or early 1950’s. In 1999,†¦show more content†¦Primary HIV infection is the first stage and only lasts for a few weeks. Flu-like illnesses may be present during this stage. The second stage is known as clinically asymptomatic stage and typically lasts for an average of ten years. Although major symptoms might not exist during this stage, the HIV-positive person may experience swollen glands. Symptomatic HIV infection is the third stage. As the immune system continues to fail, symptoms surface and become miniscule at first then later leading to more prevalent symptoms. This third stage is generally caused by illnesses, involving cancers and infections, which the immune system would normally fight off but is not able to because the immune system is too weak. Finally, AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, develops and is the final stage of HIV. A person is diagnosed with AIDS when they show the symptom called an opportunistic infection. This is when infections take advantage of the weakened immune system. HIV leads into life threatening AIDS and causes the infected individual to feel escalating amounts of pain such as neurotic pain, tremendous headaches, gastrointestinal pain, chest pain, and even emotional pain such as depression. Th is pain can be intense enough to cease the individual from living a productively normal life. HIV and AIDS can strike anyone at any point in their life and should be taken seriously. Contracting HIV does not depend on where you live, your race, or your sexual preference; it hasShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionalsRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids1306 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most known and feared viruses in the world today is HIV/AI DS. 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As a result we can infer that certain proportion out of all immigration applicants into Canada were HIV positiveRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1848 Words   |  8 Pagesreduce its high rates of HIV/AIDS prevalence in the face of low socioeconomic development and declining Gross National Income (GNI) per capita because its existing NGO-based system for HIV/AIDS prevention was scaled up through international technical and financial assistance. The two leading NGOs in this effort, Haitian Gro up for the Study of Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO) and Partners in Health (PIH), were created at the onset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s, butRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1072 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst HIV/AIDS (Country and Lending Groups, n.d.). They have one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS in the world at 19.1%, and the incidence of new cases is increasing steadily (Milan, 2014; CIA, n.d.). To combat this growing problem President Jacob Zuma launched the largest HIV Counseling and Testing campaign in the world in April 2010 (â€Å"Global AIDS†, 2012). In the same year, the country also achieved a significant reduction in the price of antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) (â€Å"Global AIDS†, 2012)Read MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic2082 Words   |  9 Pages The United States has been fixated on its mission to abolish the sex industry since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s. George W. Bush and Congr ess created the United States Leadership against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 with the intention of funding beneficial programs furthering the research and accessibility of HIV/AIDS treatment. (Middleberg, 2006). The beneficiaries of this funding must show their opposition towards prostitution and sex trafficking in orderRead MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic3453 Words   |  14 PagesGlobally, there is good news. In 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) claimed that the HIV/AIDs epidemic was declining in their â€Å"Global HIV/AIDS Response† progress report (Progress Report 2011). Each continent and region, however, showed different changes in their rates of HIV/AIDS (Progress Report 2011). In North America, and specifically in the United States, the incidence of HIV has been constant for the past several years (Progress Report 2011). Despite the stability of this disease,Read MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids2413 Words   |  10 Pagesworld issues. In 198 0, news papers, highlighted the onset of an epidemic, one that would create fear, isolation, bias and discrimination. The HIV virus took the public by disbelief, one of the main tribulations with HIV disease was that there was no concrete evidence that determined its transmission. Many Semantic variations such as gay mans disease created biases and discrimination toward this population (CITE). 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With higher transmission rates concentrated among African women, and the vast majority of new mother-child transmissions occurring within African countries, HIV seemingly fits into the scope of feminist concerns. As described in Oppong and Kalipeni’s contribution to Kalipeni, et.al.’s HIV AIDS in African: Beyond Epidemiology, the consistent classifying of th e HIV/AIDS epidemic as being the direct result of distinct African